NIT Rourkela Develops Magnesium-Based Cathode Technology

By siliconindia  |  Friday, 17 January 2025, 16:27 IST

NIT Rourkela Develops Magnesium-Based Cathode Technology
In a first, NIT Rourkela has developed a new magnesium-based cathode technology that addresses key challenges in electric vehicle (EV) batteries and renewable energy storage. This innovation replaces cobalt, a crucial element in traditional lithium-ion batteries, which has been increasingly problematic due to high costs, scarcity, and environmental concerns.
Magnesium is one such material which is more available and cheaper in cost. Thus, it may prove to be a promising substitute for cobalt. The magnesium-based cathode material was synthesized without compromising battery performance by Partha Saha, Associate Professor of Ceramic Engineering at NIT Rourkela. New cathode material replaces cobalt due to price volatility and related ethical and environmental issues associated with mining in Cuba and Madagascar.
Saha highlighted growing urgency for alternative cobalt in the wake of increasing demand of EVs and lithium-ion batteries across the world. "Projected estimates suggest that by 2050, cobalt supply would not be sufficient to meet increasing demand, highlighting the urgency to find sustainable alternatives", he added.
These benefits include affordability, a wider availability throughout India, especially in Tamil Nadu, Uttarakhand, and Karnataka; and an overall minimal impact on the environment, which makes it a crucial part of India's ambitions regarding renewable energy and electric vehicles.
The new cathode material, with 100 charge-discharge cycles, retained 74.3% of the original capacity, significantly outperforming traditional cobalt-based cathodes. It also reduces capacity and voltage fade-a common problem with nickel-based cathodes.
This innovation has wide applications for affordable, high-performance EV batteries and supports India's renewable energy goals by enabling cost-effective energy storage. It also further strengthens India's self-reliance in battery production, making the country a major player in the global energy market.

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